"""Write data/surveys_compilation.csv: one row per published technosignature search. This file IS the hand transcription of the literature (numbers typed from the cited papers, their arXiv abstracts/full text, or the SETI Institute Technosearch database). Column 'verified_from' states where each row's numbers were read: 'abstract' / 'full text' (arXiv PDF read for this study), or 'Technosearch' (https://technosearch.seti.org, parsed copy in data/technosearch_*.csv). Blank = not stated in the source read. EIRP columns: minimum detectable isotropic power for the nearest / farthest (or reference-distance) target. Column 'result' is filled for every row ('no detection' = a search that reported no confirmed technosignature). The ir_* columns hold the structured results of the infrared / waste-heat searches (blank elsewhere): ir_sample_size number of sources examined ir_min_cov_fraction smallest covering fraction (or fractional infrared luminosity) probed, as stated ir_frac_ul_cov{0p1,0p5,0p9}_{100pc,300pc,1kpc,5kpc} published upper limit on the fraction of stars compatible with a 300 K Dyson swarm of covering fraction above 0.1 / 0.5 / 0.9 (Suazo et al. 2022, Table 1) ir_n_candidates, ir_n_candidates_not_refuted, ir_candidate_fraction """ import csv import os from common import DATA, PC, FOURPI TS = "https://technosearch.seti.org/radio-list/" TSO = "https://technosearch.seti.org/optical-list/" AX = "https://arxiv.org/abs/" def e(d_pc, s): return f"{FOURPI * (d_pc * PC) ** 2 * s:.2e}" COLS = ["id", "domain", "survey", "reference", "years_obs", "facility", "targets", "n_targets", "dist_min_pc", "dist_max_pc", "f_lo_MHz", "f_hi_MHz", "chan_Hz", "dwell_s", "smin_Wm2", "eirp_min_W_nearest", "eirp_min_W_ref", "max_drift_Hz_s", "result", "in_model", "url", "verified_from", "notes"] IR_COLS = ["ir_sample_size", "ir_min_cov_fraction"] + \ [f"ir_frac_ul_cov{g}_{v}" for v in ("100pc", "300pc", "1kpc", "5kpc") for g in ("0p1", "0p5", "0p9")] + \ ["ir_n_candidates", "ir_n_candidates_not_refuted", "ir_candidate_fraction"] # Suazo et al. (2022) Table 1 (arXiv:2201.11123), read from the full text: radius, sample size, fractions for gamma = 0.1, 0.5, 0.9 SUAZO22_TABLE1 = {"100pc": (265724, 6.6e-3, 1.9e-4, 1.8e-5), "300pc": (5243957, 4.8e-2, 4.8e-4, 8.6e-5), "1kpc": (58769015, 1.3e-1, 1.0e-3, 2.1e-4), "5kpc": (2.9e8, 1.6e-1, 7.1e-3, 8.3e-4)} IR = { "D01": dict(ir_sample_size=11224, ir_n_candidates=16), "D03": dict(ir_sample_size=100000, ir_min_cov_fraction=0.5, ir_n_candidates=50), "D04": dict(ir_min_cov_fraction=0.7, ir_n_candidates=1, ir_n_candidates_not_refuted=0), "D05": dict(ir_sample_size=265724, ir_min_cov_fraction=0.1, **{f"ir_frac_ul_cov{g}_{v}": SUAZO22_TABLE1[v][1 + j] for v in SUAZO22_TABLE1 for j, g in enumerate(("0p1", "0p5", "0p9"))}), "D06": dict(ir_sample_size=5000000, ir_n_candidates=7, ir_n_candidates_not_refuted=5, ir_candidate_fraction=7 / 5e6), "D07": dict(ir_sample_size=4898812, ir_min_cov_fraction=0.005, ir_n_candidates=53, ir_n_candidates_not_refuted=0, ir_candidate_fraction=53 / 4898812), "D08": dict(ir_sample_size=3, ir_n_candidates=3), "D09": dict(ir_sample_size=10, ir_n_candidates=10), "D10": dict(ir_sample_size=2, ir_n_candidates=2, ir_n_candidates_not_refuted=0), "D11": dict(ir_sample_size=9, ir_n_candidates=9), } R = [] def add(*a): assert len(a) == len(COLS), (len(a), a[0]) R.append(a) # ------------------------------------------------------------------ RADIO add("R01", "radio", "Project Ozma", "Drake 1961, Phys. Today 14, 40", "1960", "NRAO 26 m", "tau Cet, eps Eri", 2, 3.2, 3.65, 1420.0, 1420.4, 100, "", 1e-22, e(3.2, 1e-22), e(3.65, 1e-22), "", "null", "listed only (superseded)", TS, "Technosearch", "200 h total") add("R02", "radio", "Ozma II", "Palmer & Zuckerman 1972-76 (Technosearch)", "1972-1976", "NRAO 91 m", "nearby stars", 674, "", "", 1413, 1425, 4000, "", 1e-23, "", "", "", "null", "listed only", TS, "Technosearch", "500 h") add("R03", "radio", "Verschuur 21-cm search", "Verschuur 1973, Icarus 19, 329", "1971-1972", "NRAO 91 m / 43 m", "nearby stars", 9, "", "", 1419.8, 1421.0, 490, "", 5e-24, "", "", "", "null", "listed only", TS, "Technosearch", "") add("R04", "radio", "Tarter, Black & Cuzzi OH search", "Tarter et al. 1980, Icarus 42, 136", "1977", "NRAO 91 m", "stars", 200, "", "", 1664, 1668, 0.5, "", 1.1e-23, "", "", "", "null", "listed only", TS, "Technosearch", "") add("R05", "radio", "Arecibo targeted search", "Tarter, Clark, Duquet & Lesyna 1983", "1979-1981", "Arecibo 305 m", "stars", 200, "", "", 1418.4, 1422.4, 5, "", 1e-25, "", "", "", "null", "listed only", TS, "Technosearch", "also 1664-1668 MHz") add("R06", "radio", "Suitcase SETI / Sentinel (Arecibo)", "Horowitz, Teague, Linscott et al.", "1981-1985", "Arecibo 305 m", "stars", 250, "", "", 1420.4, 2840.8, 0.03, "", 4e-26, "", "", "", "null", "listed only", TS, "Technosearch", "two spot frequencies; 75 h") add("R07", "radio", "Ohio State 'Big Ear' sky survey", "Dixon, Ehman & Raub 1973-1986", "1973-1986", "OSURO 53 m equiv.", "sky dec -36..+63", "", "", "", 1420.15, 1420.65, 1000, "", 1.5e-21, "", "", "", "null (Wow! 1977 never repeated)", "bigear (tier B)", TS, "Technosearch", "") add("R08", "radio", "Nancay targeted search", "Biraud & Tarter 1981-1988", "1981-1988", "Nancay", "stars", 343, "", "", 1420.08, 1420.72, 48.8, "", 1e-24, "", "", "", "null", "listed only", TS, "Technosearch", "also 1665-1667 MHz") add("R09", "radio", "Tritium-line search", "Valdes & Freitas 1986, Icarus 65, 152", "1983", "HCRO 26 m", "stars", 92, "", "", 1514, 1518, 4.9, "", 3e-24, "", "", "", "null", "listed only", TS, "Technosearch", "") add("R10", "radio", "META", "Horowitz & Sagan 1993, ApJ 415, 218", "1985-1995", "Harvard/Oak Ridge 26 m", "sky dec -30..+60", "", "", "", 1420.2, 1420.6, 0.05, "", 1.7e-23, "", "", "", "null (37 candidate events, none repeated)", "meta (tier B)", TS, "Technosearch", "also 400 kHz at 2840.8 MHz; ~80000 h") add("R11", "radio", "META II", "Lemarchand et al. 1997", "1990-2010", "IAR 30 m (Argentina)", "southern sky + 90 stars", "", "", "", 1420.2, 1420.6, 0.05, "", 1e-23, "", "", "", "null", "meta2 (tier B)", TS, "Technosearch", "Technosearch quotes 1e-23 to 7e-25 W/m2") add("R12", "radio", "BETA", "Leigh & Horowitz 2000, ASP Conf. 213, 459", "1995-1999", "Harvard/Oak Ridge 26 m", "sky dec -30..+60", "", "", "", 1400, 1720, 0.5, "", 2.2e-22, "", "", "", "null", "beta (tier B)", TS, "Technosearch", "~35000 h") add("R13", "radio", "SERENDIP III", "Bowyer et al. 1997; Donnelly et al. 1995", "1992-1997", "Arecibo 305 m (commensal)", "30% of sky", "", "", "", 424, 436, 0.6, "", 5e-25, "", "", "", "null", "serendip3 (tier B)", TS, "Technosearch", "~40000 h") add("R14", "radio", "SERENDIP IV", "Cobb et al. 2000, ASP Conf. 213", "1997-2009", "Arecibo 305 m (commensal)", "Arecibo sky", "", "", "", 1370, 1470, 0.6, "", "", "", "", "", "no confirmed signal", "listed only (no published sensitivity)", TS, "Technosearch", "100 MHz band at 1420 MHz") add("R15", "radio", "Southern SERENDIP", "Stootman et al. 2000 (SETI Australia)", "1998-2005", "Parkes 64 m (commensal)", "southern sky", "", "", "", 1411.59, 1429.23, 0.6, "", 4e-24, "", "", "", "no confirmed signal", "listed only", TS, "Technosearch", "") add("R16", "radio", "NASA HRMS targeted search", "Tarter & Klein 1995", "1992-1993", "Arecibo 305 m", "stars", 25, "", "", 1300, 2400, 1, "", 5e-24, "", "", "", "null (terminated)", "listed only", TS, "Technosearch", "sky-survey arm: Goldstone 34 m, 5e-22 W/m2") add("R17", "radio", "Project Phoenix (Parkes/Mopra)", "Backus 1998, Acta Astronaut. 42, 651", "1995", "Parkes 64 m", "stars < 240 ly", 206, "", 73.6, 1200, 1750, 1, 276, 1.0e-24, "", e(73.6, 1.0e-24), 1, "null", "phoenix_parkes (tier B)", "https://technosearch.seti.org/project-phoenix/", "Technosearch; Wright+ 2018 Table 1", "105 stars to 3000 MHz") add("R18", "radio", "Project Phoenix (NRAO 140 ft)", "Cullers 2000, ASP Conf. 213, 451", "1996-1998", "NRAO 43 m", "stars < 240 ly", 195, "", 73.6, 1200, 3000, 1, 552, 1.0e-24, "", e(73.6, 1.0e-24), 1, "null", "phoenix_nrao (tier B)", "https://technosearch.seti.org/project-phoenix/", "Technosearch; Wright+ 2018 Table 1", "") add("R19", "radio", "Project Phoenix (Arecibo/Lovell)", "Backus & Project Phoenix Team 2002, ASP Conf. 278, 525", "1998-2004", "Arecibo 305 m", "stars < 240 ly", 290, "", 73.6, 1200, 3000, 1, 276, 1.6e-25, "", e(73.6, 1.6e-25), 1, "null", "phoenix_arecibo (tier B)", "https://technosearch.seti.org/project-phoenix/", "Wright+ 2018 Table 1; Technosearch", "Technosearch quotes 1e-26 W/m2; star count from sky coverage in Wright+ 2018") add("R20", "radio", "SETI@home", "Korpela et al. 2025, AJ 170, 112; Anderson et al. 2025, AJ 170, 111", "1999-2020", "Arecibo 305 m (commensal)", "sky dec -2..+38 (12375 deg2)", "", "", "", 1418.75, 1421.25, 0.075, "", 2.8e-25, "", "", 100, "no confirmed signal; ~200 candidates being re-observed with FAST", "setiathome", AX + "2506.14737", "full text", "candidate sensitivity (80% birdie recovery) 2.8e-25 W/m2 over 2% of the observed sky, 3.5e-24 over 51%, 1.2e-22 over 100% (Table 8)") add("R21", "radio", "Kepler-field GBT survey", "Siemion et al. 2013, ApJ 767, 94", "2011", "GBT 100 m", "Kepler stars with candidate planets", 86, "", "", 1100, 1900, 0.75, "", "", "", 1.5e14, "", "null", "listed only", AX + "1302.0845", "Technosearch", "EIRP > 1.5e21 erg/s excluded") add("R22", "radio", "ATA exoplanet survey", "Harp et al. 2016, AJ 152, 181", "2009-2015", "Allen Telescope Array", "exoplanet hosts, HabCat, Tycho stars", 9293, "", "", 1000, 9000, 0.7, 93, 2.65e-24, "", e(50, 2.65e-24), 2, "null", "ata_harp2016", AX + "1607.04207", "abstract; VizieR J/AJ/152/181", "8e6 star-MHz in total (mean ~800 MHz per star); threshold 1.8-3.1e-24 W/m2; eirp_ref at 50 pc") add("R23", "radio", "VLA M31 and M33", "Gray & Mooley 2017, AJ 153, 110", "2014-2015", "Jansky VLA", "M31, M33", 2, 780000, 870000, 1420.34, 1422.3, 122, 1200, 2.9e-25, "", 2.1e21, "", "null", "gm_m31 (extragalactic)", AX + "1702.03301", "abstract", "0.24 Jy in 122 Hz (1 MHz window) and 1.33 Jy in 15 Hz (125 kHz window)") add("R24", "radio", "BL 692 nearby stars, L band", "Enriquez et al. 2017, ApJ 849, 104", "2016-2017", "GBT 100 m", "nearby stars", 692, 1.8, 50, 1100, 1900, 2.7, 300, 4.6e-25, "", 1.0e13, 2, "null", "subsumed by R25", AX + "1709.03491", "abstract; full text", "S/N>25 (17 Jy in 3 Hz)") add("R25", "radio", "BL 1327 nearby stars, 1.10-3.45 GHz", "Price et al. 2020, AJ 159, 86", "2016-2019", "GBT 100 m + Parkes 64 m", "nearby stars", 1327, 1.3, 50, 1100, 3450, 2.79, 300, 7.0e-26, "", 2.1e12, 4, "null", "bl_gbtL/S/pks10 targets + bycatch", AX + "1906.07750", "abstract; full text", "882 stars GBT L, 1005 GBT S, 189 Parkes 10 cm (EIRPmin 9.1e12 W); published limits <0.45% (L), <0.37% (S), <2.0% (10 cm); Margot+ 2023 argue the BL pipeline efficiency is 12.7% for drifts uniform in +-4 Hz/s") add("R26", "radio", "BL in-field Gaia stars (re-analysis of R25)", "Wlodarczyk-Sroka, Garrett & Siemion 2020, MNRAS 498, 5720", "2016-2019", "GBT + Parkes", "Gaia DR2 stars in beams", 288315, 1.3, 10000, 1100, 3450, 2.79, 300, 7.0e-26, "", 2.5e14, 4, "null", "cross-check of bycatch model", AX + "2006.09756", "abstract; VizieR J/MNRAS/498/5720", "<0.066% within 50 pc (1e13 W); <0.039% within 200 pc (2.5e14 W)") add("R27", "radio", "BL Earth Transit Zone, C band", "Sheikh et al. 2020, AJ 160, 29", "2019", "GBT 100 m", "restricted-ETZ stars", 20, 7, 143, 3950, 8000, 2.7, 300, "", 2e10, 1.76e13, 20, "null", "subsumed in bl_gbtC_archive", AX + "2002.06162", "abstract", "EIRP 1e-3 to 0.88 Arecibo") add("R28", "radio", "BL Galactic Centre I", "Gajjar et al. 2021, AJ 162, 33", "2019-2020", "Parkes UWL + GBT C band", "Galactic Centre", "", 8500, 8500, 1000, 8000, 2.79, "", 5.8e-25, "", 5e17, 4, "null", "bl_gc_parkes, bl_gc_gbtC", AX + "2104.14148", "abstract; full text", "EIRP >= 4e18 W among ~6e7 stars (Parkes 1-4 GHz) and >= 5e17 W among ~6e5 stars (GBT 3.9-8 GHz)") add("R29", "radio", "BL deep-learning re-search", "Ma et al. 2023, Nat. Astron. 7, 492", "2016-2019", "GBT 100 m", "nearby stars", 820, "", "", 1100, 1900, 2.79, 300, "", "", "", "", "8 signals of interest, not re-detected", "subsumed by R25", AX + "2301.12670", "abstract", "480 h") add("R30", "radio", "BL 97 nearby galaxies", "Choza et al. 2024, AJ 167, 10", "2016-2022", "GBT 100 m", "galaxies 0.06-29 Mpc", 97, 6e4, 2.92e7, 1100, 11200, 3, 300, "", "", 1e26, 4, "null", "choza_gal (extragalactic)", AX + "2312.03943", "abstract; full text", "EIRP limits of order 1e26 W") add("R31", "radio", "BL GBT archive search (L,S,C,X)", "Painter et al. 2025 (arXiv:2412.05786)", "2016-2024", "GBT 100 m", "stars", 2623, "", 1000, 1100, 11200, 2.79, 300, "", "", 2.1e12, 4, "null", "bl_gbtC_archive, bl_gbtX_archive", AX + "2412.05786", "abstract; full text", "stars < 50 pc per band (Table 7): L 798, S 464, C 328, X 695; < 1 kpc: 1484, 1046, 821, 1239; limits 0.38% (L), 0.64% (S), 0.91% (C), 0.43% (X) for stars < 50 pc (= 3/N)") add("R32", "radio", "BL fields: extragalactic objects", "Garrett & Siemion 2023, MNRAS 519, 4581", "2016-2019", "GBT 100 m", "143024 extragalactic objects in 469 fields", 143024, "", "", 1100, 1900, 2.79, 300, "", "", "", "", "null", "subsumed by R33", AX + "2209.08147", "abstract", "") add("R33", "radio", "BL fields: background galaxies", "Uno et al. 2023, MNRAS 522, 4649", "2016-2019", "GBT 100 m", "background galaxies < 969 Mpc", "", "", 9.69e8, 1100, 1900, 2.79, 300, "", "", 7.7e26, "", "null", "uno_bg (extragalactic)", AX + "2304.02756", "abstract", "< 1 transmitter per 'hundreds of trillions' of stellar systems") add("R34", "radio", "BL stellar bycatch with Besancon model", "Mason, Garrett & Siemion 2025 (arXiv:2511.20231)", "2016-2019", "GBT + Parkes", "6182364 simulated stars in 1229 pointings", 6182364, "", 25000, 1100, 3450, 2.79, 300, 7.0e-26, "", 5e16, "", "null (re-analysis)", "validation of bycatch model", AX + "2511.20231", "abstract; full text", "<=9.95e-4 % of systems within 2.5 kpc (EIRP >= 5e16 W)") add("R35", "radio", "UCLA SETI 2016", "Margot et al. 2018, AJ 155, 209", "2016", "GBT 100 m", "Kepler planetary systems", 14, "", "", 1150, 1730, 3, 300, "", "", "", 9, "null", "listed only", AX + "1802.01081", "abstract", "Arecibo-class transmitters detectable to 420 ly") add("R36", "radio", "UCLA SETI 2017", "Pinchuk et al. 2019, AJ 157, 122", "2017", "GBT 100 m", "TRAPPIST-1, LHS 1140, 10 Kepler systems", 12, "", "", 1150, 1730, 2.98, 300, "", "", "", "", "null", "listed only", AX + "1901.04057", "abstract", "") add("R37", "radio", "UCLA SETI 2018-19", "Margot et al. 2021, AJ 161, 55", "2018-2019", "GBT 100 m", "Sun-like stars near Galactic plane", 31, "", "", 1150, 1730, 3, 300, "", "", 2.2e13, "", "null", "listed only", AX + "2011.05265", "abstract; Technosearch", "") add("R38", "radio", "UCLA SETI 2020-23", "Margot et al. 2023, AJ 166, 206", "2020-2023", "GBT 100 m", "62 TOI fields, ~11680 stars in beam", 11680, "", 6130, 1150, 1730, 3, 300, "", 1e13, 5e16, 8.86, "null", "ucla_margot2023", AX + "2308.02712", "abstract; full text", "<6.6% of stars within 100 pc (47 stars, 1.35e13 W); <3e-4 within 20000 ly (10230 stars, 5.08e16 W); 1732 stars < 1 kpc; pipeline efficiency 94% by injection-recovery") add("R39", "radio", "MWA Galactic Centre", "Tingay et al. 2016, ApJ 827, L22", "2014", "MWA", "400 deg2, 45 exoplanets", "", "", "", 103, 133, 10000, 6900, 3.5e-22, "", "", "", "null", "mwa_gc (tier B)", AX + "1607.08818", "abstract; Wright+ 2018 Table 1", "limits of a few hundred mJy/beam") add("R40", "radio", "MWA Galactic anticentre (Orion)", "Tingay, Tremblay & Croft 2018, ApJ 856, 31", "2015", "MWA", "625 deg2, 22 exoplanets", "", "", "", 99, 122, 10000, 10800, 1.4e-22, "", "", "", "null", "mwa_orion (tier B)", AX + "1803.00524", "abstract; Wright+ 2018 Table 1", "") add("R41", "radio", "MWA Vela", "Tremblay & Tingay 2020, PASA 37, e035", "2018", "MWA", "400 deg2, 10355066 Gaia stars", 10355066, "", "", 98, 128, 10000, 61200, 2.5e-23, "", "", "", "null", "mwa_vela (tier B)", AX + "2009.03267", "abstract; full text", "rms 0.05 Jy/beam; published EIRP limits use the 1-sigma rms") add("R42", "radio", "MWA Galactic Centre at 150 MHz", "Tremblay, Price & Tingay 2022, PASA 39, e008", "2020", "MWA", "200 deg2, 144 exoplanet systems", 144, "", "", "", "", 10000, 25200, "", "", "", "", "null", "listed only", AX + "2202.03324", "abstract", "") add("R42b", "radio", "MWA extragalactic (Vela field)", "Tremblay & Tingay 2024, ApJ 972, 76", "2018", "MWA", "background galaxies in the Vela field", "", "", "", 98, 128, 10000, "", "", "", "", "", "null", "listed only", AX + "2408.10372", "abstract (first lines)", "") add("R43", "radio", "LOFAR dual-site", "Johnson et al. 2023, AJ 166, 193", "2021-2022", "LOFAR Ireland + Sweden stations", "44 TESS targets + 1631198 in-beam stars", 1631198, "", "", 110, 190, 3, "", "", "", 1e17, 4, "null", "lofar (tier B)", AX + "2310.15704", "abstract; full text", "EIRP 1e17 W rejected for 0.4 (1.3) million stars at 110 (190) MHz") add("R44", "radio", "FAST 33 exoplanet systems (targeted)", "Tao et al. 2022, AJ 164, 160", "2021", "FAST 500 m", "exoplanet systems", 33, 3.37, 219.6, 1050, 1450, 7.5, 1200, 1.09e-26, 1.48e9, e(219.6, 1.09e-26), 4, "null", "fast_nearby", AX + "2208.02421", "full text", "") add("R45", "radio", "FAST 33 systems (multibeam blind search)", "Luan et al. 2023, AJ 165, 132", "2021", "FAST 500 m", "exoplanet systems", 33, 3.37, 219.6, 1050, 1450, 7.5, 1200, 1.09e-26, 1.48e9, "", 4, "null", "fast_nearby", AX + "2301.10890", "full text", "") add("R46", "radio", "FAST Barnard's star", "Tao et al. 2023, AJ 166, 190", "2021-2022", "FAST 500 m", "Barnard's star", 1, 1.83, 1.83, 1050, 1450, 7.5, "", 1.09e-26, 4.36e8, 4.36e8, "", "null", "fast_nearby", AX + "2309.15377", "abstract", "") add("R47", "radio", "FAST nearby M dwarfs", "Luan et al. 2025, AJ 169, 217", "2023", "FAST 500 m", "Wolf 359, AD Leo, TVLM 513-46546", 3, 2.41, 10.73, 1050, 1450, 7.5, "", "", 6.19e8, "", "", "null", "fast_nearby", AX + "2502.20419", "abstract; full text", "") add("R48", "radio", "FAST nearby active planet hosts", "Li et al. 2026, AJ 171, 78", "2025", "FAST 500 m", "7 nearby stars", 7, 1.83, 13.48, 1050, 1450, 7.5, "", "", 3.98e8, "", "", "null", "fast_nearby", AX + "2509.09654", "abstract; full text", "also periodic-signal limit 1.8e10 W") add("R49", "radio", "FAST TRAPPIST-1 deep search", "Song et al. 2025 (arXiv:2509.06310)", "2024-2025", "FAST 500 m", "TRAPPIST-1", 1, 12.47, 12.47, 1050, 1450, 7.5, 6000, "", 2.04e10, 2.04e10, 4, "null", "fast_nearby", AX + "2509.06310", "abstract", "") add("R50", "radio", "FAST five globular clusters", "Huang et al. 2026, AJ 171, 1", "2025", "FAST 500 m", "NGC 6171, 6218, 6254, 6838, IC 1276", 5, 4000, 6500, 1050, 1450, 7.5, 60, 3.76e-26, 7.2e15, 1.8e16, 4, "null", "fast_gcs", AX + "2511.21085", "abstract", "S_min 0.50 Jy per crossing") add("R51", "radio", "COSMIC (VLA) during VLASS", "Tremblay et al. 2025 (arXiv:2501.17997)", "2023-2024", "Jansky VLA", "Gaia stars (coherent beams)", 511, 4.3, 1296, 2000, 4000, 8, "", "", 2.32e11, 2.09e16, 50, "null", "cosmic_vlass", AX + "2501.17997", "abstract; full text", ">950000 pointings observed; only 511 stars reported") add("R52", "radio", "Sardinia RT high-frequency survey", "Manunza et al. 2025, Acta Astronaut. 233, 155", "2021", "SRT 64 m", "Galactic Centre + 72 TESS targets", 73, "", 8500, 5700, 18475, 2.79, "", "", "", 1.8e19, "", "null", "srt_gc (tier B)", AX + "2410.09288", "abstract", "~5e5 stars; bands 5.7-7.7 and 18.1-18.475 GHz") add("R53", "radio", "ALMA archival Band 3", "Mason et al. 2024 (arXiv:2411.19827)", "archival", "ALMA", "Gaia stars in archival fields", 28, "", "", 90642, 93151, "", "", "", 7e17, "", "", "null", "listed only", AX + "2411.19827", "abstract", "two spectral windows") add("R54", "radio", "ATA TRAPPIST-1 planet-planet occultations", "Tusay et al. 2024, AJ 168, 283", "2022", "Allen Telescope Array", "TRAPPIST-1", 1, 12.47, 12.47, 900, 9300, "", "", "", 2.17e12, 1.33e13, "", "null", "listed only", AX + "2409.08313", "abstract", "28 h") add("R55", "radio", "BL Galactic Centre periodic-signal search", "Suresh et al. 2023, AJ 165, 255", "2019-2020", "GBT 100 m", "Galactic Centre (central 6')", "", 8500, 8500, 4000, 8000, 2860, "", "", "", 2e18, "", "null (periodic kHz-wide pulses)", "listed only (different signal class)", AX + "2305.18527", "abstract", "< 1 in ~600000 stars") add("R56", "radio", "OVRO-LWA all-sky narrowband imaging", "Kosogorov et al. 2026 (arXiv:2606.04304)", "2025", "OVRO-LWA", "visible hemisphere, one 30 s epoch", "", "", "", 50, 86, 10, 30, 8.4e-23, "", 1e18, "", "null", "listed only (below the 0.1-100 GHz prior band)", AX + "2606.04304", "abstract", "EIRP 1e14 W at 10 pc, 1e18 W at 1 kpc") add("R57", "radio", "BLUSE on MeerKAT", "Czech et al. 2026 (arXiv:2607.23651)", "2022-", "MeerKAT", ">1.2 million commensal pointings", "", "", "", 544, 3500, 1, "", "", "", "", "", "no limits published yet", "listed only", AX + "2607.23651", "abstract", "instrument/progress paper") add("R58", "radio", "BL 27 eclipsing TESS exoplanets", "Barrett et al. 2025 (arXiv:2506.13459)", "archival", "Parkes UWL", "TOIs", 27, "", "", 704, 4032, 2.79, 300, "", "", "", 4, "null", "listed only", AX + "2506.13459", "abstract", "") add("R59", "radio", "K2-18b with VLA and MeerKAT", "Tremblay et al. 2026 (arXiv:2602.09553)", "2025", "VLA + MeerKAT", "K2-18", 1, 38.1, 38.1, 544, 9800, "", "", "", 1e12, 1e13, "", "null", "listed only", AX + "2602.09553", "abstract", "") add("R60", "radio", "LTT 3780 with ATA and VLA", "Tremblay et al. 2026 (arXiv:2607.07182)", "2025-2026", "ATA + VLA", "LTT 3780", 1, "", "", 1000, 10000, "", "", "", 4.7e12, 3.6e13, "", "null", "listed only", AX + "2607.07182", "abstract", "") add("R61", "radio", "ATA anti-solar point survey", "Gerrard & Sheikh 2026 (arXiv:2610.07065)", "2025-", "Allen Telescope Array", "ecliptic (12% done)", "", "", "", 2356, 3700, "", "", "", "", "", "", "in progress; 25 signals to re-observe", "listed only", AX + "2610.07065", "abstract", "") add("R62", "radio", "BL Proxima Centauri (BLC1)", "Smith et al. 2021, Nat. Astron. 5, 1148; Sheikh et al. 2021", "2019", "Parkes UWL", "Proxima Cen", 1, 1.3, 1.3, 700, 4000, 3.8, "", "", "", "", "", "candidate blc1 attributed to interference", "listed only", AX + "2111.08007", "arXiv listing", "") add("R63", "radio", "BL TESS transiting planets", "Traas et al. 2021, AJ 161, 286", "2020", "GBT 100 m", "TESS targets", 28, "", "", 1000, 11000, 2.7, 300, "", "", 4.9e14, "", "null", "listed only", AX + "2101.11137", "Technosearch", "56.5 h") add("R64", "radio", "BL anomaly-detection re-search", "Pardo et al. 2025 (arXiv:2505.03927)", "archival", "GBT 100 m", "BL archive (~1e11 spectrograms)", "", "", "", 1100, 11200, 2.79, 300, "", "", "", "", "null (re-analysis)", "listed only", AX + "2505.03927", "abstract", "") # ------------------------------------------------------------------ OPTICAL / NEAR-IR LASER add("O01", "optical", "Harvard targeted optical SETI", "Howard et al. 2004, ApJ 613, 1270", "1998-2005", "Oak Ridge 1.5 m", "solar-type stars", 4000, "", "", "", "", "", 500, "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", TSO, "Technosearch", "ns pulses; Technosearch: ~4000 of 13000 stars observed, 2400 h") add("O02", "optical", "Harvard all-sky optical SETI", "Howard et al. 2007; Horowitz et al.", "2006-2015", "Oak Ridge 1.8 m", "80% of sky", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", TSO, "Technosearch", "10 photons/m2 per ns; 150 h") add("O03", "optical", "Lick optical SETI", "Stone et al. 2005, Astrobiology 5, 604", "2000-2005", "Lick 1 m Nickel", "solar-type stars", 5039, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", TSO, "Technosearch", "target count is the planned number in Technosearch") add("O04", "optical", "SEVENDIP", "Werthimer et al.", "1997-2007", "Leuschner 0.76 m", "nearby stars + clusters + galaxies", 2500, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", TSO, "Technosearch", "ns pulses") add("O05", "optical", "Keck/Lick spectra laser-line search", "Reines & Marcy 2002, PASP 114, 416", "1998-2002", "Keck HIRES, Lick", "FGK stars < 100 pc", 577, "", 100, "", "", "", "", 3.4e-17, "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", TSO, "Technosearch", "continuous lasers > ~50 kW (10 m aperture)") add("O06", "optical", "Keck HIRES laser search I", "Tellis & Marcy 2015, PASP 127, 540", "archival", "Keck HIRES", "stars incl. 1368 KOIs", 2796, "", 300, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", AX + "1504.03369", "abstract", "lasers > 90 W at 100 ly, > 1 kW at 1000 ly (10 m diffraction-limited beam)") add("O07", "optical", "Keck HIRES laser search II", "Tellis & Marcy 2017, AJ 153, 251", "archival (2004-2016)", "Keck HIRES", "FGKM stars", 5600, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "used in optical summary", AX + "1704.02535", "abstract", "laser power thresholds 3 kW - 13 MW; <0.1% of warm Earth-size planets") add("O08", "optical", "NIROSETI", "Maire et al. 2019, AJ 158, 203", "2016-2019", "Lick 1 m Nickel", "stars and other objects", 1280, "", "", "", "", "", "", 9.6e-18, "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", TSO, "Technosearch", "near-IR ns pulses, 950-1650 nm") add("O09", "optical", "VERITAS / Breakthrough Listen", "Acharyya et al. 2023, AJ 166, 84", "2012-2020", "VERITAS", "BL targets", 276, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", AX + "2306.17680", "abstract", "136 dedicated + 140 archival targets; ns optical pulses") add("O10", "optical", "BL Automated Planet Finder laser search", "Zuckerman et al. 2023, AJ 165, 114", "2016-2021", "Lick APF", "nearby stars", 388, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", AX + "2301.06971", "abstract", "84 kW laser at the median distance 78.5 ly") add("O11", "optical", "Galactic Centre monochromatic-light search", "Marcy, Tellis & Wishnow 2022, MNRAS 515, 3898", "2021", "0.28 m Schmidt + prism", "140 deg2 toward the Galactic Centre", "", "", "", "", "", "", 1, "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", AX + "2208.13561", "abstract", "> 60 MW at 100 ly; > 6000 MW at 1000 ly") add("O12", "optical", "Galactic-plane monochromatic-light searches", "Marcy & Tellis 2023, 2024", "2021-2023", "0.28 m Schmidt + prism", "Galactic plane swaths", "", "", "", "", "", "", 1, "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", AX + "2405.13246", "arXiv listing", "") add("O13", "optical", "STACEE optical SETI", "Hanna et al. 2009, Astrobiology 9, 345", "2007", "STACEE heliostats", "stars", 187, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", TSO, "Technosearch", "10 photons/m2") add("O14", "optical", "PANOSETI / LaserSETI", "Wright et al. 2018 (PANOSETI design); LaserSETI (SETI Institute)", "2018-", "wide-field pulse / all-sky spectroscopic cameras", "all-sky transients", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "no published upper limits located", "not modelled", AX + "1808.05772", "arXiv listing", "instrument papers only") # ------------------------------------------------------------------ WASTE HEAT / MEGASTRUCTURES add("D01", "infrared", "IRAS Dyson-sphere search", "Carrigan 2009, ApJ 698, 2075", "archival (1983)", "IRAS LRS", "11224 LRS sources -> 16 weak candidates", 250000, "", 300, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "no confirmed Dyson sphere", "used in Dyson summary", AX + "0811.2376", "abstract; full text", "sensitive to solar-luminosity spheres to 300 pc (~1e6 solar-type stars)") add("D02", "infrared", "IRAS/ground-based partial Dyson spheres", "Jugaku & Nishimura 1991-2004", "1991-2004", "IRAS + 1.3 m IR telescope", "solar-type stars", 384, "", 25, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "not modelled", TSO, "Technosearch", "Technosearch lists 180 (1993) + 50/135/19 (1997-) stars") add("D03", "infrared", "G-HAT (WISE galaxies)", "Griffith et al. 2015, ApJS 217, 25", "archival", "WISE", "~1e5 galaxies", 100000, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "none with >85% of starlight reprocessed; 50 with >50%", "Kardashev-III context only", AX + "1504.03418", "abstract", "") add("D04", "infrared", "Gaia DR1 x RAVE under-luminous stars", "Zackrisson et al. 2018, ApJ 862, 21", "archival", "Gaia + RAVE", "stars with spectrophotometric distances", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "one outlier (TYC 6111-1162-1) explained by a companion", "not modelled", AX + "1804.08351", "abstract", "sensitive to near-complete (>~70%) covering fractions") add("D05", "infrared", "Project Hephaistos I", "Suazo et al. 2022, MNRAS 512, 2988", "archival", "Gaia DR2 + AllWISE", "stars < 100 pc ... < 5 kpc", 265724, "", 100, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "upper limits (photometric compatibility)", "used in Dyson summary", AX + "2201.11123", "abstract; full text Table 1", "fraction of stars compatible with a 300 K sphere: <6.6e-3 (cov. 0.1), <1.9e-4 (0.5), <1.8e-5 (0.9) within 100 pc; <8.3e-4 (0.9) within 5 kpc") add("D06", "infrared", "Project Hephaistos II", "Suazo et al. 2024, MNRAS 531, 695", "archival", "Gaia DR3 + 2MASS + WISE", "~5 million sources < 300 pc", 5000000, "", 300, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "7 M-dwarf candidates", "used in Dyson summary", AX + "2405.02927", "abstract; full text Table 5", "fitted covering fractions 0.03-0.16; D and E are background galaxies (D10); 5 not directly refuted, 2 of them (C, G) with covering fraction > 0.1; no completeness (injection-recovery) published") add("D07", "infrared", "Data-driven mid-IR excess search", "Contardo & Hogg 2024, AJ 168, 157", "archival", "Gaia DR3 + 2MASS + unWISE", "FGK main-sequence stars, G<16", 4898812, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "53 extreme-excess stars (natural: debris/collisions), fractional luminosity 0.005-0.1", "used in Dyson summary", AX + "2403.18941", "abstract", "W1/W2 excess") add("D08", "infrared", "Radio counterparts of Hephaistos candidates", "Ren, Garrett & Siemion 2024, MNRAS 533, L6", "archival", "radio sky surveys", "candidates A, B, G", 3, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "background dust-obscured galaxies", "used in Dyson summary", AX + "2405.14921", "abstract", "Hot DOG sky density can account for all 7 candidates") add("D09", "infrared", "Hephaistos III: follow-up of candidates", "Korn et al. 2026 (arXiv:2607.25701)", "2024-2026", "optical spectroscopy", "7+3 candidates", 10, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "no explanation from stellar properties", "used in Dyson summary", AX + "2607.25701", "abstract", "") add("D10", "infrared", "Hephaistos IV: JWST/MIRI of candidates D and E", "Zackrisson et al. 2026 (arXiv:2607.09460)", "2025-2026", "JWST MIRI", "candidates D, E", 2, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "background galaxies within ~1 arcsec", "used in Dyson summary", AX + "2607.09460", "abstract", "") add("D11", "infrared", "Archival diagnostics of Hephaistos candidates", "Ren et al. 2026 (arXiv:2607.03619)", "archival", "WISE astrometry + deep imaging", "9 candidates", 9, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "B, C contaminated; A, E, F, H, J suggestive; D, I no sign in archival data", "used in Dyson summary", AX + "2607.03619", "abstract", "") # ------------------------------------------------------------------ SOLAR SYSTEM ARTEFACTS add("A01", "artifact", "Earth-Moon L4/L5 optical search", "Freitas & Valdes 1980, Icarus 42, 442", "1979", "Leuschner 0.76 m", "L4/L5 halo orbits", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null to V~14", "qualitative", TSO, "Technosearch", "") add("A02", "artifact", "SETA: Earth-Moon and Sun-Earth libration points", "Valdes & Freitas 1983, Icarus 53, 453", "1981-1982", "KPNO 0.61 m", "L1-L5", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "null to V~19", "qualitative", TSO, "Technosearch", "") add("A03", "artifact", "Radar search of L4/L5 parking orbits", "Suchkin, Tokarev et al.", "1980-1981", "Gorkii 9.3 MHz radar", "Earth-Moon L4, L5", "", "", "", 9.3, 9.3, 1500, "", "", "", "", "", "null", "qualitative", TS, "Technosearch", "") add("A04", "artifact", "Lunar surface artefacts in LRO images", "Davies & Wagner 2013, Acta Astronaut. 89, 261", "2011", "LRO archive", "lunar surface", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "proposal / partial inspection; none found", "qualitative", "https://technosearch.seti.org/archival-list/", "Technosearch", "") add("A05", "artifact", "Completeness of Solar System artefact searches", "Haqq-Misra & Kopparapu 2012, Acta Astronaut. 72, 15", "n/a", "analysis", "Solar System", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "probabilistic: 1-10 m probes cannot be excluded almost anywhere", "qualitative", AX + "1111.1212", "abstract", "") add("A06", "artifact", "'Oumuamua radio searches", "Tingay et al. 2018, ApJ 857, 11 (MWA)", "2017", "MWA", "1I/'Oumuamua", 1, "", "", 72, 102, 10000, 86, "", "", "", "", "null", "qualitative", TS, "Technosearch", "") add("A07", "artifact", "3I/ATLAS radio searches", "Li et al. 2026, ApJ 1006, 163 (FAST); Sheikh et al. 2025 (ATA, arXiv:2512.18142)", "2025-2026", "FAST, ATA", "3I/ATLAS", 1, "", "", 1050, 1450, "", "", "", "", "", "", "null", "qualitative", AX + "2603.19023", "arXiv listing", "") add("A08", "artifact", "Vanishing/transient sources in archival plates (VASCO)", "Villarroel et al. 2020, AJ 159, 8; 2025 (arXiv:2510.17907)", "archival", "USNO/POSS plates", "sky", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "candidates under study", "qualitative", AX + "2510.17907", "arXiv listing; Technosearch", "") with open(os.path.join(DATA, "surveys_compilation.csv"), "w", newline="", encoding="utf8") as f: w = csv.writer(f) w.writerow(COLS + IR_COLS) i_res = COLS.index("result") n_blank = 0 for r in R: r = list(r) # 'no detection' rather than the bare string 'null', which pandas and R read as a missing value if isinstance(r[i_res], str) and r[i_res].startswith("null"): r[i_res] = "no detection" + r[i_res][4:] n_blank += r[i_res] == "" extra = IR.get(r[0], {}) assert set(extra) <= set(IR_COLS), r[0] w.writerow(r + [(f"{extra[c]:.3g}" if isinstance(extra.get(c), float) else extra.get(c, "")) for c in IR_COLS]) assert n_blank == 0, "every row must state a result" assert set(IR) <= {r[0] for r in R} print(f"wrote {len(R)} survey rows -> data/surveys_compilation.csv (result stated for all rows; {len(IR)} infrared rows with structured columns)")